Slow Pulse
Q: I have been told that I have sinus bradycardia (heart rate of 40 to 50 beats per minute resting, sometimes below 40 while sleeping). I feel fine, no dizzy spells, good energy. I am 76. What should I be doing for this; is it life threatening?
A: Sinus bradycardia with rates as low as you describe can be a completely normal finding. I exercise a lot, and my heart rates are just about like yours. Well-conditioned athletes have resting heart rates in the 30s. Generally, we only treat sinus bradycardia (usually with a pacemaker implantation) if the individual is symptomatic from the slow rates. Since you say you are doing fine, I would recommend not doing anything except for following up with visits to your cardiologist maybe once or twice a year for a checkup. Should you experience dizziness, a lightheaded spell, or loss of consciousness, tell your doctor immediately because a pacemaker may be indicated at that time.
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June 29, 2009 
Please explain the difference between an electrocardiogram and an echocardiogram. What exactly do these tests tell doctors about the heart?
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My brother-in-law just turned 50 and needs a new heart. We sometimes hear that wealthy people get donor organs quicker than others. Is this true? How long is the usual wait for a new heart?
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What is the latest information about taking daily baby aspirin to help the heart?
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I had a stroke in 2003, and a diagnostic test showed a “hole” in my heart with no right-to-left shunt. The shunt didn’t show up on a different kind of test in 2009, either.
I came through the stroke fine because I went to the hospital right away and have been on warfarin ever since. My question is: If there’s no shunt, is the hole present?
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Q: How does the Maze treatment for atrial fibrillation work, and what does it involve? A: The Maze procedure is open heart surgery to eliminate rapid heartbeats. It involves making a series of incisions in the top portion of the heart, the atria. In experienced hands, the procedure is successful in more than 90 percent [...]
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